{"id":22148,"date":"2015-07-16T08:00:37","date_gmt":"2015-07-16T11:00:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/?p=22148"},"modified":"2016-06-12T18:56:12","modified_gmt":"2016-06-12T21:56:12","slug":"vidigal-lives-and-memories-in-motion-part-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=22148","title":{"rendered":"Gentrification in Vidigal: Lives and Memories in Motion \u2013 Part I"},"content":{"rendered":"

Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas<\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

For the original in Portuguese by Miriane Peregrino, published in Ag\u00eancia de Not\u00edcias das Favelas, c<\/em>lick here<\/a>.\u00a0And click here for Part II<\/a>.<\/span><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

Located on oceanfront Avenida Niemeyer in the South Zone<\/a> of Rio de Janeiro, the Vidigal<\/a> favela used to be home to nearly 9,000 people. The first inhabitants of Vidigal arrived in the 1940s. The Pacifying Police\u00a0Unit (UPP)<\/a> was launched\u00a0on January 18, 2012, serving\u00a0Vidigal and neighboring favela Ch\u00e1cara do C\u00e9u<\/a>. This is the first of a two-part article on Vidigal, addressing tourism, history, and favela memory following the installation of the UPP.<\/p>\n

The sign says \u201cVidigal is Ours\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

A sign, high in a tree on the favela square, reads: “Project: Vidigal is Ours!!!\u201d A short but intriguing phrase: who would feel the need to write such a thing on a public sign, and hang it near the entrance to the favela, as a statement of resistance and also a warning?<\/p>\n

Some people told me the sign was the work of a young man called “Emerson the hot dog man,” but when I tried to find him they said he didn\u2019t live there anymore. Some said his family couldn\u2019t afford the rent in Vidigal so he had gone to live in Xer\u00e9m. Others said he was a talented young man who had won the first Vidigal 6k race. Plenty of other stories came out. But whatever the case, the phrase is striking, and prompts reflection on the us <\/em>invoked by the word \u201cours,\u201d as opposed to them<\/em>.<\/p>\n

In the context of residents’ frequent complaints about increased real estate speculation<\/a> in Vidigal, and complaints about the wave of foreigners<\/a>\u2014including [rumors of]\u00a0Madonna and David Beckham<\/a>\u2014buying property in the favela, it\u2019s easy to conclude that us<\/em> refers to long-time favela residents who were born and raised in Vidigal, or have lived there a long time, as opposed to them\u2014<\/em>foreigners and the so-called playboys who began frequenting the favela and even settling there after the UPP was installed in 2012. Such a dichotomy certainly exists, but it doesn\u2019t fully explain the profound transformations affecting Vidigal. In January and February of this year, we spoke with a number of favela residents, whose words highlight the diverse interests at play in the dispute for this territory.<\/p>\n

Trendy Vidigal: favela in crisis<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Thanks to its privileged location between S\u00e3o Conrado and Leblon, its spectacular views, and the massive investment of public capital\u00a0into \u201cpacification\u201d projects in Rio\u2019s favelas, Vidigal has recently begun attracting tourists, and new residents with more purchasing power<\/a>. The favela now faces hour-long traffic jams, renovation projects and new construction everywhere you look, frequent power outages, and growing real estate speculation.<\/p>\n

At 5pm, the traffic is completely jammed\u00a0at Largo do Santinho, the electric company truck in the road and workers on a telephone pole. People are complaining about the lights being out. The taxi can\u2019t get through. \u201cThe lights are out. They keep going out. Yesterday there was no power for three or four hours,\u201d says 44-year-old driver and Vidigal resident Orlando Souza.<\/p>\n

Jaime, 55, also complains about the traffic. \u201cSo many trucks. Garbage trucks, city trucks, delivery trucks, furniture store trucks. It\u2019s like they all get together and decide to come up at the same time! It\u2019s even hard for motorcycles to get in; it’s hard to get up the hill.\u201d<\/p>\n

In the streets and alleys, the bags of cement and other building materials are hard to miss. Vidigal resident and moto-taxi driver Bianor, 43, says: \u201cThere\u2019s a lot of construction, but it\u2019s for them [the foreigners], and for hostels. If you look at it, it\u2019s all sheet metal. Locals wouldn\u2019t be able to do that; locals\u2019 houses are made of concrete, bricks\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Construction<\/a><\/p>\n

Vidigal resident Rosa Batista, 57, speaks to the question of the community losing its character, and points out that Vidigal\u2019s infrastructure hasn\u2019t changed to reflect the population increase. \u201cThere are more and more people living here\u2026 And the kind of people coming in is changing. Before, this was a place where everybody knew each other, but now it\u2019s a sea of different people, different businesses\u2014especially foreign ones,\u201d she says.\u00a0\u201cAnd the infrastructure is the same as when there were 9,000 people here! Now there are about 16,000 families registered at the public health clinic, and the infrastructure is the same as always!\u201d<\/p>\n

Tourism at the top of the hill\u2026 for whom?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Though the hiking trails and scenery of Vidigal have always attracted tourists, since the installation of the UPP in 2012, the number of tourists and new residents\u2014foreign and Brazilian\u2014has more than tripled.<\/p>\n

While Vidigal has a public security policy, it lacks a tourism policy (such as the one in place in Santa Marta<\/a>), and the results are plain to see. Jaime questions the logic of pacification in Vidigal in the absence of other public policies. \u201cAt the end of the year you couldn\u2019t help seeing it: a lot of tourists came up here, from other countries or not. With the pacification of the favela, a social welfare program would be critical, but where is it?\u201d<\/p>\n

Residents also pointed out they are not the ones who profit from tourism<\/a>; the money generated doesn\u2019t stay in the community.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe tour guide who comes from down there [in the more affluent neighborhoods of Rio] is the one making money off tourism. We\u2019re just starting to develop the mentality of having our own guides,\u201d says Hiran Lima, 47. \u201cBut you have people who come from down there with a group of foreigners, charging X amount of money per person. They come up, they don\u2019t buy anything in the community, they do whatever they want. They go up to the top of the hill, they take the hiking trail, and from what I\u2019ve seen, some of them lack environmental awareness. There\u2019s a lot of deforestation, a lot of trash on the trail. It\u2019s disorganized. I think some organization, either from inside the community or from outside, should take a look at this.\u201d<\/p>\n

Vidigal resident Roberto, 31, thinks the favela should charge an entrance fee for the hike to the top of the hill, and that the money should go toward improvements to the community. \u201cThe tourists come, but they try to spend as little as possible. I think there should be a fee. They should have to pay to visit. They pay R$35 or R$60 (US$11-20) to visit other places, but they don’t think they should have to pay here just because it’s a favela?”<\/p>\n

Moto-taxi driver Bianor complains that tourists and the new residents don\u2019t leave anything behind for the community. \u201cThey don\u2019t leave anything for us here. They don\u2019t spend anything here. The only thing some of them do is hire a motorcycle to the top of the hill.\u201d<\/p>\n

The idea of charging a fee to visit the community comes up in every interview. It\u2019s also a source of frustration for Vidigal Residents\u2019 Association member Rodrigo Ferreira, 34.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey don’t leave anything here for the community. They are exploiting the community, the image, and they aren\u2019t leaving anything, nothing that we could use in the future.\u201d But he\u00a0goes on to say: \u201cI don\u2019t see anything positive about it, but on the other hand, it\u2019s democratic<\/a>. The space is here, people can move around at their discretion. And how are you going to keep people from coming through here? It\u2019s tricky. Even though they come up here and don\u2019t leave anything for us, they have the right to do that: that\u2019s progress. There\u2019s nothing that says they should leave something here. It\u2019s like if we went down to Leblon [a more affluent neighborhood next to Vidigal]. We don\u2019t necessarily have to leave something for Leblon. We simply go to Leblon, just like people come to Vidigal. They simply come to Vidigal. That\u2019s how it works with the right to come and go<\/a>; people just come. It\u2019s complicated. Full of contradictions.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rodrigo believes Vidigal is for anyone who likes Vidigal, not only for those who were born and raised there. He recognizes that some people do go there wanting to help, but says there are also a lot of opportunists at this moment of higher visibility. \u201cVidigal is one of those communities where people with a little more education realize they can make a good investment. You don\u2019t have that potential in very many places in Rio.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rodrigo says there are people in Vidigal with ideas for local development, but who lack the capital to invest in it. \u201cThere\u2019s a lot of talent in Vidigal, and we have a vision of what we\u2019d like to see, but we don\u2019t have a way to make it happen. We have the ideas, but we don\u2019t have the ability to engage, to invest in our ideas. The businessperson [from outside] has what it takes: the same vision plus the capital. The idea is not the hard part. The hard part is the capital.\u201d<\/p>\n

Whose party is this?<\/strong><\/h3>\n

The foreign or Brazilian tourist who comes up to Vidigal is not necessarily interested in a favela tour such as those offered in neighboring Rocinha<\/a>. Although these tours do exist in Vidigal, most tourists are more interested in hiking the Dois Irm\u00e3os\u00a0summit trail, and in the so-called alternative parties<\/a> that take place at the top of the favela, at prices well out of reach for favela residents.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe community events are not meant for those who live here, and that\u2019s the truth; it\u2019s a fact! It\u2019s all designed for people to come up here\u2014expensive event, super-expensive drinks. It\u2019s a thing that divides people,\u201d says resident Hiran Lima. \u201cIf you go to one of those events you\u2019ll see one or two locals, and everybody else is from down there.\u201d<\/p>\n

Vidigal resident Orlando Souza notes that there are several expensive commercial establishments at the top of the favela. \u201cThere\u2019s Belmonte, Laje do Vidigal\u2026 People who wouldn’t come up here before are now coming without thinking twice. Locals don\u2019t go because it\u2019s too chic. It\u2019s way too expensive; not meant for everybody.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Parties<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201cThe people who live here don\u2019t have access to the parties because they\u2019re so expensive. Locals have no way of going: it\u2019s only for people from down there,\u201d says resident and moto-taxi driver Bianor, who also questions the visitors\u2019 lack of interaction with the community. \u201cThey\u2019re over there, and we\u2019re here. There\u2019s no interaction at all, you know? They come up in their cars, and then they go back down\u2026 that’s all they see.\u201d German resident of Vidigal, 41-year old Andr\u00e9 Koller recalls, \u201cThere used to be a van at the entrance to the favela that would take you to the top. Now the van leaves directly from Leblon. It costs R$200 (US$65) to get into the party. It\u2019s a different crowd; they don’t have much to do with the community.\u201d<\/p>\n

Vidigal residents point out other inconveniences related to the parties at the top of the favela hill. As well as not being accessible to long-time residents, the parties last all night, blasting loud music. Meanwhile, typical favela parties with funk or pagode are prohibited or regularly denied permits<\/a> by the UPP.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere are parties that go on for days, and the UPP doesn\u2019t do anything. It\u2019s a nightmare for people who live near those parties. Vidigal is jammed with cars. We almost never have an event designed for the community. Those [at the top of the hill] are really designed to keep the locals\u00a0out,\u201d says Hiran Lima. \u201cAt the expensive parties they can do whatever they want, and they go on for days. But if a local wants to have a little party at his house, on his rooftop patio, somebody complains and the UPP shuts it down. The young people aren\u2019t allowed to have funk parties<\/a> anymore, and that was part of the community\u2019s identity. We’re not allowed to stay out late in our part of Vidigal. This is our home, but we don\u2019t have the right to enjoy it anymore.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rodrigo Ferreira says the UPP requires a series of formalities from local event organizers, but does not require the same procedure for events put on within the favela by outside organizers.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s a ton of bureaucracy for us if we want to put on an event here. They ask us to file with the fire department, the municipal government, and we have to provide a stack of documents\u2014which might be necessary sometimes, but maybe not for a street party. And they want it for some places, for some people, but not for others,\u201d says Rodrigo. \u201cFor example: a street party. If we put on an event in the street, they want documents from the fire department, the municipal government, and a lot of other places. And so we take care of all that, and then they hit us with the noise ordinance (Lei do Sil\u00eancio<\/em>). As far as I understand, the noise ordinance\u00a0goes into effect when someone is bothered by the noise. Okay, but the law says you can go up to 80 decibels. How do you measure that? With a thing called a decibel meter. But what it if the policeman doesn\u2019t have one of those on him? How does he know if you\u2019re within the limits or not? But he shuts down your event anyway, saying you\u2019re breaking the noise ordinance. He shuts down your event, and says that neighbors are complaining and that you\u2019re breaking the law. Meanwhile at those hotels, those hostels, the event starts at 4pm, at 2pm, or at 10pm, and goes until 6 in the morning. And it bothers people, it\u2019s a huge hassle for the community, but they get to keep going. Why? Isn\u2019t the community complaining? It\u2019s a double standard. So if you have a lot of money you can do whatever you want, but if you\u2019re poor, you can\u2019t do anything? If the poor man can\u2019t have a party, he can\u2019t do anything.\u201d<\/p>\n

Rodrigo thinks the state should provide the police with the decibel meter. \u201cThe state has to provide it. He [the officer] can\u2019t just listen and tell me I\u2019m over the limit. And they don\u2019t even go up to the hostels\u2019 parties that last until 6 am. The community\u2019s parties are restricted, but not the rich boys\u2019. And those parties at the top of the favela are not for the community. They\u2019re inside the community, but they\u2019re for rich boys. With R$200 or R$400 tickets\u00a0(US$65-130), people from the community don\u2019t go. I\u2019m not judging the cost. It\u2019s like I said\u2014they come and exploit the community and don\u2019t leave anything behind. It\u2019s because it\u2019s Vidigal, and Vidigal is a peaceful community.\u201d<\/p>\n

The situations described in these interviews are evidence of segregation along economic lines, with long-time residents on one side, and new visitors and favela property owners on the other. Bianor also complains about the posture of political leaders toward the parties in Vidigal: \u201c[Up there] they have parties that last all night long. It bothers people, but they have the power, you know?\u201d<\/p>\n

I live, you live, and they\u2026<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Vidigal has for years attracted people from ‘the asphalt’ (as the ‘formal’ city that receives greater public investment is known): Brazilians and foreigners who can\u2019t\u2014or prefer not to\u2014pay the exorbitant rents in Leblon and other affluent neighborhoods in the city. But the influx has undeniably intensified since the installation of the UPP in 2012<\/a>. We spoke with 50-year-old Rio native Raff Giglio, and German Andr\u00e9 Koller, 41, who were part of the first wave of new arrivals\u2014those who came to Vidigal before the UPP.<\/p>\n

Originally from Leblon, Raff Giglio has worked in physical education in Vidigal for 22 years. He moved to the favela 18 years ago when his first marriage ended. He built a new life in Vidigal. He married a local woman and created an organization called Instituto Todos Na Luta<\/a> (All in the Fight\u00a0Institute). \u201cI was an NGI for many years\u2013a non-governmental individual. In 2010 we became an NGO.\u201d<\/p>\n

For a long time Raff worked without a sponsor. He managed to sustain his Vidigal youth project with the help of a gym near the entrance to the favela. \u201cDuring the war between Rocinha and Vidigal in 2004,” he explained, “the gym almost went bankrupt. It had been surviving thanks to students from ‘the asphalt’ who paid monthly fees. And with what I saved from the proceeds of the gym, I kept my program going with the Vidigal kids. I financed it. Then when the war was on, I couldn\u2019t pay rent anymore. But the condominium\u2019s owners lent it to me and I kept using it that way for a few years.\u201d<\/p>\n

Raff Giglio says his program has been affected by real estate speculation in Vidigal. \u201cSo this pacification thing came in, property values went up, and the building\u2019s management changed hands. They didn\u2019t appreciate the social work I was doing for the community, they didn\u2019t even want my rent money. I fought and fought, and I even found someone to cover the rent for me, but they didn\u2019t want it<\/a>. And they put up a sign: ‘For rent.’\u201d<\/p>\n

For a while Giglio borrowed a space from the Vidigal Residents\u2019 Association, and more recently he has rented a new space for his institute. \u201cThe major sponsors of the NGO are ex-students, individuals, and businesses. The government has never helped with the project.\u201d<\/p>\n

Regarding the post-UPP influx of tourists and new residents, Raff Giglio says Vidigal has opened up to outsiders, and that it has attracted “gringo backpackers.” \u201cWith the increased property values and glamorous image, the playboy crowd has come up the hill. People who never knew Vidigal before have come to live here; they’re getting to know it. There\u2019s a house at the top of the hill where 15 PUC [Pontifical Catholic University] students live\u2014one Brazilian and 14 gringos. Where did they decide to live? Where it\u2019s cheapest.\u201d<\/p>\n

Andr\u00e9 Koller says he used to visit Brazil on school vacations because his brother lives in S\u00e3o Paulo. When he finished school, he moved here and married a Brazilian woman. After their separation, he came to live in the Leblon neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro. \u201cLeblon was expensive. I lived in a studio apartment. It wasn\u2019t a great way to live. I had a view of the garage across the street and it was extremely noisy.\u201d Despite the conditions, Koller says his landlord told him she was going to raise the rent. \u201cI asked her, \u2018Could you throw a coat of paint on the walls? The closet door is broken, there\u2019s a broken window, a leak in the bathroom, the kitchen is disgusting. Could you do something about it?\u2019 [She said] \u2018No.\u2019 So I asked her why she was raising the rent so much, and she said, \u2018Oh, because property values have gone up.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

Koller got to know Vidigal after he and his business partner, a Portuguese man also named Andr\u00e9, bought a Volkswagen Beetle for work. Whenever the car had a problem, they brought it to an auto mechanic in Vidigal. One day while Koller was complaining about rent hikes in Leblon, the mechanic offered him an apartment he had just bought in Cant\u00e3o, a section of Vidigal. The place was uninhabitable, but Koller had experience in building houses and did the renovation himself. He moved in before pacification.<\/p>\n

\u201cI was a little afraid when I first got here\u2014a gringo in the favela\u2026 But after a while I saw it wasn\u2019t like that. Everyone treated me with a lot of respect. It was always, \u2018Good morning,\u2019 \u2018Good afternoon.\u2019 I wasn\u2019t used to that down in Leblon! I only met my neighbor in Leblon when I was moving out\u2014my table knocked into his door and he came out to see what was going on. But after three months here, I already knew everybody on my street,\u201d Andr\u00e9 says.<\/p>\n

Asked about the increased number of foreigners living in the favela, Andr\u00e9 points out that the landlords are often former Vidigal residents. \u201cIt didn\u2019t used to be very common to rent out a place; people didn\u2019t do that here. A woman put up a sign saying she would only rent to foreigners, and it was very controversial. There was a meeting about it, and she said that foreigners pay more. So they blamed the gringos for raising the rent in the favelas to such an extent that some locals can\u2019t find a place to live, and wind up moving far away to the Baixada Fluminense<\/a>. On the one hand, the gringo is being forced to pay more, and on the other hand he\u2019s criticized for paying more. But the landlords are local residents, born and raised here. So it\u2019s old residents renting to new residents. It\u2019s easy to blame the gringos because they stand out, right?\u201d<\/p>\n

Andr\u00e9 also points out that local residents who manage to rent out their properties are making more money for their families. \u201cI think a lot of people are doing well, earning money off the extra little room they\u2019re renting. Before, they had to go work in somebody\u2019s house, and come home at the end of the day. That\u2019s a positive thing: making extra money from these rentals.\u201d<\/p>\n

Even so, the new residents have much more purchasing power than those that came before\u2014especially compared to those who didn\u2019t own their own homes and paid lower rents. With the demand created by the new residents, and the growing real estate speculation, a new phenomenon has taken hold in Vidigal: long-time residents and property owners who have houses to rent in the favela have begun to favor tenants who can pay more, in the name of economic development. And so it\u2019s the end of the line for long-time residents whose financial situations are vulnerable and who have no way to pay the higher rents. They find themselves with no choice but to move<\/a> to distant parts of the city such as Xer\u00e9m or Nova Igua\u00e7u<\/a>.<\/p>\n

To local resident Luis Ot\u00e1vio, 55, the tourists and newcomers who live in the favela temporarily \u201ccome to Vidigal, Rocinha, or other favelas in the city\u2019s South Zone to kick out the community, to kick out the locals. They pay R$3000 (US$960)\u2026 especially the Europeans\u2014one Euro is four reais! So the guy comes in, pays the rent like it\u2019s nothing, and on top of that he brings in five friends and they split the rent, so it winds up being even cheaper. And the people from the community, who work nearby, have to move way out to Xer\u00e9m, or Nova Igua\u00e7u.\u201d He\u00a0adds: \u201cI\u2019m building a studio apartment and I want to rent it for R$1500.\u201d<\/p>\n

Hiran Lima says the favela is suffering from gentrification<\/a>: \u201cEvery now and then some group would come up here wanting to evict<\/a>\u00a0all the residents. They wanted to come up here and make a New Leblon, an Upper Leblon. We see now that things aren\u2019t happening that way<\/a>. Now we\u2019re dealing with remo\u00e7\u00e3o branca<\/a><\/em> (literally ‘white eviction,’ the local term for gentrification). It used to be that the state evicted people; now it\u2019s people evicting people. It\u2019s expensive to live in Vidigal. The local market is insane\u2014exorbitant prices on everything from food to lodging.\u201d<\/p>\n

Whereas in the 20th<\/sup> century in\u00a0Vidigal the government was the primary villain making threats and evictions<\/a>, as it created housing and eviction policies and carried out direct action, in the 21st<\/sup> century that role is split between not only foreigners who come to live in the favela, but also some property owners, along with the government, and it\u2019s done indirectly, without the need for forced\u00a0evictions. But in both centuries, it\u2019s the economic interest of a few that motivates the expulsion of many others.<\/p>\n

\u201cI think the city of Rio de Janeiro is run like a business with investors and shareholders. Vidigal is interesting to investors because it\u2019s so close to the South Zone. It\u2019s not a question of gringos. It\u2019s a global phenomenon,\u201d says Andr\u00e9 Koller.<\/p>\n

The hill where Vidigal stands, between S\u00e3o Conrado and Leblon, has always been a source of dispute. Although prior to the so-called \u201cpacification\u201d it was possible to find some residents originally from Leblon, such as Rio native Raff Giglio, and foreigners such as Andr\u00e9 Koller, it\u2019s undeniable that the installation of the UPP in 2012 has dramatically accelerated the occupation of the hill by the “asphalt,” and that a process of economically-based expulsion of long-time residents is underway. But the State no longer directly drives the evictions in Vidigal. The current tactics are more subtle and perverse<\/a>: pit worker against worker, and promote the silent evictions of the most economically fragile; restrict the local culture, make excessively harsh regulations and even prohibit popular parties, while creating spaces of cultural and economic segregation with events such as the parties at the top of the hill.<\/p>\n

Click here for Part II<\/a><\/span><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n

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Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas For the original in Portuguese by Miriane Peregrino, published in Ag\u00eancia de Not\u00edcias das Favelas, click here.\u00a0And click here for Part II. Located on oceanfront Avenida Niemeyer in the South Zone […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":22221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1267,1277,1288,1328,1271,1670,335,1330],"tags":[674,441,501,65,188,419,1717,15,744,10,1011,156,194,363],"writer":[1532],"translator":[508],"illustrator":[],"photographer":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-22148","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gentrificationwatch","8":"category-uppwatch","9":"category-highlight","10":"category-by-community-contributors","11":"category-favelaqualities","12":"category-favela-tourism","13":"category-policies","14":"category-translation","15":"tag-memory","16":"tag-foreigners","17":"tag-funk","18":"tag-gentrification","19":"tag-history","20":"tag-leblon","21":"tag-noise-ordinance","22":"tag-pacifying-police-unit","23":"tag-policy-critique","24":"tag-real-estate-speculation","25":"tag-right-to-come-and-go","26":"tag-south-zone","27":"tag-tourism","28":"tag-vidigal","29":"writer-miriane-peregrino","30":"translator-rachel-fox"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22148","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/22"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22148"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22148\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22148"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22148"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22148"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fwriter&post=22148"},{"taxonomy":"translator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftranslator&post=22148"},{"taxonomy":"illustrator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fillustrator&post=22148"},{"taxonomy":"photographer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fphotographer&post=22148"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}