{"id":37692,"date":"2017-11-08T06:00:44","date_gmt":"2017-11-08T09:00:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/?p=37692"},"modified":"2018-01-15T13:11:27","modified_gmt":"2018-01-15T16:11:27","slug":"the-maputo-rio-connection-part-3-culture-and-memory-across-the-atlantic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=37692","title":{"rendered":"The Maputo-Rio Connection Part 3: Culture and Memory Across the Atlantic"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2sFfXit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><em>Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23766\" src=\"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/PT-e1439583827971.png\" \/><\/em><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>This is the final article in a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2gUAtrf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">three-part series<\/a>\u00a0on the connections between Rio de Janeiro\u2019s favelas and Maputo\u2019s cani\u00e7os, focusing on history, land regularization, and culture.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2ycjnie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">first article<\/a>\u00a0in this series drew a parallel between Rio de Janeiro\u2019s favelas and Maputo\u2019s <em>cani\u00e7os<\/em> in terms of their emergence and their roles in divided cities, while the <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2gxjVbP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">second article<\/a> focused on the common challenges faced by these communities. But despite the challenges, like favelas,\u00a0<em>cani\u00e7os\u00a0<\/em>are a space of intense <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/VsQjMj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cultural activity<\/a> and immense creative potential. Just as <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2ayTZGT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">funk<\/a> music is the cultural flagship in favelas, <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2vJe85X\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">marrabenta<\/a> is a typically urban rhythm commonly associated with these Mozambican communities. But the similarities go far beyond that. For example, <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2uZAKkB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">kizomba<\/a>\u00a0is<em>\u00a0<\/em>a couples&#8217; dance from Angola and Cape Verde that is also widely enjoyed in Mozambique, and in which dancers move back and forth as well as side to side.\u00a0<em>Cani\u00e7os<\/em>\u00a0are Mozambique&#8217;s space for\u00a0kizomba<em>\u00a0<\/em>and for dances that were developed as forms of colonial resistance and which were brought from various parts of the country. Likewise, favelas are Rio&#8217;s space for <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1ytQYiu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">samba<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2uxYETI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rap<\/a>, and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2buzYPe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">jongo<\/a>\u2014also dances and practices of <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1sZ22Q6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">resistance<\/a> that combine knowledge from various elements of the flow of migrants into the big city.<\/p>\n<p><iframe src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nxeyQ7etweE\" width=\"620\" height=\"349\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Mafalala, the most celebrated of Maputo&#8217;s communities, <a href=\"https:\/\/glo.bo\/2qouaBY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">is one of the birthplaces of marrabenta<\/a>, and is also strongly associated with <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1vKOjuK\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">carnival<\/a>: during the last weekend of February this year, while carnival took place in Rio de Janeiro, the Chapa 100 bloco&#8217;s parade took place in Mafalala, accompanied by local dance groups and various types of cultural displays. The relationship with carnival is not the only point of overlap: just like our favelas, Mafalala is also the birthplace of soccer players, writers, and musicians. For each <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2tDD5hH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Eus\u00e9bio<\/a>, a soccer player on Portugal&#8217;s national team who was born in Mafalala and is considered one of the best of all time, we have an <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2h3Gcxp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Adriano<\/a>, born in <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1T2BOXI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vila Cruzeiro<\/a>; for each <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2uyeE8f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jos\u00e9 Craveirinha<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2uxAMiR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No\u00e9mia de Sousa<\/a>, the greatest Mozambican poets and also from Mafalala, we have <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1kMcpWI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carolina de Jesus<\/a>, a great Brazilian writer who grew up in a favela in S\u00e3o Paulo. Mafalala furthermore functions as a space of resistance and political contestation: it was the site of the main articulations in the anti-colonial struggle, housing two prominent revolutionary leaders who became presidents after independence: <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2tKgRi6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Samora Machel<\/a> (for whom a community in Rio&#8217;s\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1sksV07\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Complexo de Manguinhos<\/a>\u00a0and a school in <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1rNMXO3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Complexo da Mar\u00e9<\/a> are both named) and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2w0IRdY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joaquim Chissano<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/12\/Pra\u00e7a-bona.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-25729 size-content\" title=\"Street in Mafalala named after soccer player Eus\u00e9bio. Photo by The University of Texas at Austin.\" src=\"http:\/\/rioonwatch.org.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Mafalala-Eus\u00e9bio-620x264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"264\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The similarities do not stop there: the NGO <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2h3sSJJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IVERCA<\/a>, founded in Mafalala, found a way to preserve the <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1xQhQc0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">history<\/a> of the region, recover residents&#8217; self-esteem, and generate income locally in the form of <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1BQxyqf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">guided tours<\/a>\u00a0of the community, in a similar form to the work of\u00a0Cosme Felippsen\u00a0and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1ObQJ4o\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gizele Martins<\/a>, who are residents of <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1jqQCNc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Provid\u00eancia<\/a> and Mar\u00e9, respectively, and the creators of <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2kE5uDM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Stroll of the Favelados<\/em><\/a>\u00a0tours. Both initiatives have the aim of <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2hL509r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">changing the negative stigma that surrounds the area<\/a>\u00a0in question, to reaffirm its historical importance, and to value the personal experiences of residents, in a challenge to safari-type tours. These types of tours aim to reaffirm favelas and <em>cani\u00e7os<\/em> as <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1Whul8s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">solutions<\/a> and as resistance.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to the tours, IVERCA promotes sports activities with the community, organizes cultural festivals, and runs a community library (similar to community libraries in <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/29L6cWh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Salgueiro<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2sdOW9D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alem\u00e3o<\/a>). It is also currently developing research and documentation projects on local cultural heritage for the construction of the <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2s3MGgg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mafalala Community Museum<\/a>. The preservation of the locale&#8217;s history and inhabitants&#8217; memory is similarly present in museums such as the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2bYi3Tr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sankofa Museum<\/a>\u00a0in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2xZwssv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rocinha<\/a>, the <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/244DsMA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Evictions Museum<\/a>\u00a0in <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2zah5l5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vila Aut\u00f3dromo<\/a>, <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1nwqlO1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Museu de Favela<\/a> in <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1rIlhJj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cantagalo<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1lU6eQ0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pav\u00e3o-Pav\u00e3ozinho<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/1nwqlO1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mar\u00e9 Museum<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/carnaval-mafalala-2.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-39799 size-content\" title=\"Carnival in Mafalala with Bloco Chapa 100. Photo by IVERCA\" src=\"http:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/carnaval-mafalala-2-620x264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/carnaval-mafalala-2-620x264.jpg 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/carnaval-mafalala-2-940x400.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/glo.bo\/2qouaBY\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">In an interview with <em>O Globo<\/em><\/a>, Ivan Laranjeiras, the founder of the NGO, summed up the probable cause of so many similarities: &#8220;The cultural and political history common to the countries colonized by Portugal crystallized in the memory and the identity of certain places. We can speak of Mafalala the way we speak of neighborhoods in Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, and even Brazil.&#8221; Similarly, we can speak of Maputo the way we speak of Rio de Janeiro, be it in terms of cultural assets and potentials, or in terms of challenges (and solutions) related to upgrading and territorial regularization.<\/p>\n<p><em>This is the final article in a\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2gUAtrf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">three-part series<\/a>\u00a0on the connections between Rio de Janeiro\u2019s favelas and Maputo\u2019s cani\u00e7os, focusing on history, land regularization, and culture.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas This is the final article in a\u00a0three-part series\u00a0on the connections between Rio de Janeiro\u2019s favelas and Maputo\u2019s cani\u00e7os, focusing on history, land regularization, and culture. The first article\u00a0in this series drew <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=37692\" title=\"The Maputo-Rio Connection Part 3: Culture and Memory Across the Atlantic\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":131,"featured_media":37700,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1268,1271,329],"tags":[112,280,32,504,2032,221,1561,501,188,878,1883,637,1160,1348,1349,155,144,1809,270,420,12,906,571,2558,2634,2563,453,4,31],"writer":[2247],"translator":[2451],"illustrator":[],"photographer":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37692","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-favelaculture","8":"category-favelaqualities","9":"category-solutions","10":"tag-cantagalo","11":"tag-complexo-da-mare","12":"tag-complexo-do-alemao","13":"tag-culture","14":"tag-evictions-museum","15":"tag-favela-culture","16":"tag-favela-tour","17":"tag-funk","18":"tag-history","19":"tag-international-comparison","20":"tag-jongo","21":"tag-manguinhos","22":"tag-museu-da-mare","23":"tag-museu-da-rocinha-sankofa","24":"tag-museu-de-favela","25":"tag-pavao-pavaozinho","26":"tag-morro-da-providencia","27":"tag-rap","28":"tag-resistance","29":"tag-carnival","30":"tag-rocinha","31":"tag-salgueiro","32":"tag-samba","33":"tag-self-esteem","34":"tag-series","35":"tag-series-maputo-x-rio","36":"tag-stigma","37":"tag-vila-autodromo","38":"tag-vila-cruzeiro","39":"writer-luisa-fenizola","40":"translator-rachel-brabbins"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37692","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/131"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=37692"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37692\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/37700"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=37692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=37692"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=37692"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fwriter&post=37692"},{"taxonomy":"translator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftranslator&post=37692"},{"taxonomy":"illustrator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fillustrator&post=37692"},{"taxonomy":"photographer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fphotographer&post=37692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}