{"id":55644,"date":"2019-09-17T11:39:42","date_gmt":"2019-09-17T14:39:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/?p=55644"},"modified":"2019-09-17T11:41:39","modified_gmt":"2019-09-17T14:41:39","slug":"education-and-favelas-seminar-discusses-challenges-for-education-in-favelas-and-peripheries","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=55644","title":{"rendered":"‘Education and Favelas’ Seminar Discusses Challenges for Education in Favelas and Peripheries"},"content":{"rendered":"

Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

On September 3, <\/span>the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ<\/a>) hosted the<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u201cEducation and Favelas<\/a>\u201d<\/span> <\/span>seminar,<\/span> o<\/span>rganized by UERJ’s Education and City Research Nucleus (NUPEC<\/a>), with support from the Metropolitan Ethnography Laboratory of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (LeMetro\/IFCS-UFRJ<\/a>), part of the Social Science and Education Research <\/span>Group<\/span> (GPSCE\/UERJ<\/a>), and the <\/span>Institute <\/span>for the<\/span> Comparative Studies of Institutional Conflict <\/span>Administration<\/span> (InEAC\/UFF). The goal of the seminar was to debate the challenges facing public education in the favelas and peripheries <\/span>of<\/span> the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Panel #1:<\/span> Urban and <\/span>Educational<\/span> <\/span><\/span>Inequality in Favelas<\/span><\/h3>\n

The topic of the day\u2019s first panel was \u201cUrban and <\/span>Educational<\/span> <\/span><\/span>I<\/span>nequality: T<\/span>he Case of Favelas.\u201d<\/span> Coordinated by<\/span> <\/span>UERJ <\/span>p<\/span>rofessor Neiva Vieira da Cunha, <\/span>the panel featured four speakers<\/span>: <\/span>professor and researcher<\/span> Marcelo Burgos of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio<\/a>), Ana Carolina Christov\u00e3o<\/span> (Metropolis Observatory<\/a><\/span>\/IPPUR<\/a>\u2013UFRJ<\/a>), and professors Leticia de Luna Freire <\/span>and Patr\u00edcia Elaine Pereira dos Santos (UERJ).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Opening the panel was<\/span> Marcelo Burgos<\/span>, who<\/span> defended the notion that favelas<\/span> <\/span>must be <\/span>a <\/span>central <\/span>theme <\/span>in <\/span>educational <\/span>debates, <\/span>since<\/span> working in public <\/span>school<\/span>s based in favelas<\/span> is distinctively different <\/span>than<\/span> working in school<\/span>s<\/span> in other territories<\/span>. His research study, \u201cSchool, Favela, and Protective Networks for Children’s Rights<\/span>,\u201d concluded that schools often face difficulties in addressing the effects of<\/span> living in a<\/span> favela<\/span>. This results in<\/span> work grounded in stereotypes and negative premises<\/a>, such as the <\/span>notion<\/span> that children from favelas are violent and come from less <\/span>\u201c<\/span>educationally-minded<\/a>\u201d <\/span>families.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burgos<\/span> highlighted<\/span> how schools and pedagogical teams tend to disregard the <\/span>nuanced <\/span>diversity of families<\/span> in the favelas<\/span>, given that peripheries and favelas contain<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>middle-class families,<\/span> they contain <\/span>educated peo<\/span>ple figh<\/span>ting for their children\u2019s <\/span>access to education, and they also contain<\/span> less educated families nonetheless seeking quality schooling for their children.<\/span> <\/span>As Burgos sees it<\/span>, <\/span>the result of <\/span>this<\/span> school system that disre<\/span>gards these and other factors\u2014i<\/span>nstead<\/span> <\/span>falling back upon stereotypes\u2014<\/span>is <\/span>that students from <\/span>favelas and peripheries<\/span>\u00a0are held to low<\/span>er standards, <\/span>and<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>teachers<\/span> <\/span>are less disposed <\/span>to work in these spaces.<\/span><\/p>\n

According to Burgos, this is not a question of school negligence, <\/span>but of a need for more politicized discussions of <\/span>territory<\/span>. <\/span>The lack of <\/span>recognition <\/span>of<\/span> the specificities of favelas and peripheries is detrimental to the pedagogical process<\/span>, generating<\/span> vulnerability in schools<\/span> that may lead to reduced<\/span> attendance<\/span> and, ultimately, <\/span>a process of <\/span>school dropouts<\/span>.<\/span> With this in mind, Burgos pointed to the case of Rocinha<\/a>, in Rio’s South Zone<\/a>, where 18% of children do not attend school.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

In his presentation, Burgos also brought up important considerations regarding the child prot<\/span>ection network and its relation<\/span> to schooling. Schools should be dedicated to protecting students, above all maintaining efficient dialogue with the Conselho Tutelar <\/em>(Brazil’s Child Protective Services<\/a>), in <\/span>compliance<\/span> with the <\/span>Child and Adolescent Statute (ECA<\/a>).<\/span> <\/span>What happens in<\/span> practice, however, <\/span>is that <\/span>schools are <\/span>completely<\/span> isolated<\/span>. They represent, according to Burgos, <\/span>a \u201c<\/span>vacant lot<\/span>\u201d<\/span> in the protection system.<\/span> <\/span>For him,<\/span> <\/span>it is necessary to <\/span>think of urban and educational policies that dialogue with families, respecting the efforts they make <\/span>to ensure their<\/span> children can study and<\/span> get<\/span> into college<\/span><\/a>. \u201cNot even on a<\/span> soccer game day do people <\/span>come together<\/span> <\/span><\/span>as much as they do for their children to go to school,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burgos<\/span> closed out his discussion<\/span> by arguing that Rio de Janeiro<\/span> should innovate and create new forms of pedagogy<\/a>\u2014for, beyond their inherent potential, they would constitute a necessary measure in the face of the current deprivation of the right to education.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Leticia Freire, professor and researcher at UERJ, presented her <\/span>research<\/span> study,<\/span> \u201cBetween Home and School: The Effects of E<\/span>viction<\/span> on the E<\/span>ducational<\/span> Experience of Children in the Metr\u00f4-Mangueira<\/a> favela.\u201d <\/span>Her research followed families in Metr\u00f4-Mangueira as they faced eviction<\/a>, focusing on <\/span>how this affected<\/span> school performance<\/span> and<\/span> children<\/span>\u2019s relationships with<\/span> the <\/span>territory<\/span> they were forced to leave. Eviction and social conflict interrupted the relationships these children had fostered in school. <\/span><\/p>\n

Beyond that, Freire discussed how<\/span> educational policy rarely takes cities<\/span> <\/span>into account, nor do they consider the way that <\/span>the r<\/span>elationship between space and <\/span>school life is constructed<\/span> for children<\/span>. Drawing upon her research, she pointed <\/span>to travel<\/span> between home and <\/span>school<\/span> <\/span><\/span>as<\/span> the element that <\/span>most <\/span>produces <\/span>child<\/span>ren<\/span>\u2019s<\/span> relationships<\/span> with the city<\/span><\/span>, since, more often than not, the only contact that children have with urban space occurs as they see <\/span>and perceive things <\/span>on their <\/span>way<\/span> to and from school. In other words, <\/span>Freire <\/span>suggested that<\/span> <\/span>the city <\/span>both<\/span> <\/span>shapes<\/span> and<\/span> <\/span>drives<\/span> <\/span>childhood<\/span> learning processes<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Patr\u00edcia Elaine Pereira dos Santos, also a professor and researcher a<\/span>t UERJ, presented her research,<\/span> <\/span>\u201cThe R<\/span>acial Debate as a Methodology of Access for Peripheries Through Public School.\u201d<\/span> <\/span>From the start<\/span>, she <\/span>noted how<\/span> the current <\/span>moment<\/span> <\/span>demands<\/span> the creation of new epistemologies<\/a><\/span>\u00a0for education, s<\/span>o that public education may gain new meaning and no longer be tho<\/span>ught of as a \u201cspace of absence,\u201d <\/span>without teachers, students, <\/span>and<\/span> investment. This new epistemology would overcome conceptions of school as a sexist and racist space, <\/span>based on hegemonic knowledge <\/span>with<\/span> Europe<\/span>an origins\u2014<\/span>all of which no longer serves the needs of children in public schools, particularly in favelas and peripheries. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ana Carolina Christov\u00e3o, a researcher at the Metropolis Observatory<\/a>, presented her study<\/span>,<\/span> \u201cNeighborhood Matters: A Study on Educational Inequality in Morro do Cantagalo<\/a>.\u201d Christov\u00e3o<\/span> concluded that it is no longer possible to expect students to arrive in class, sit in their chairs, and be ready to absorb information that frequently has little to do with their realities. \u201cWe must think about the real student,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n

Following the talk, discussion was opened to the public, and one <\/span>audience<\/span> member asked about the use of language from the periphery<\/a>. Professor Patr\u00edcia Elaine responded that Brazil has adopted the highest-brow version of the Portuguese language as its <\/span>standard language<\/span>, something that ends up restricting per<\/span>ipheral<\/span> communities that do not typically adopt that norm.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Panel #2:<\/span> <\/span>Effects of Urban Violence on Favela Public Schools<\/span><\/h3>\n

The topic of the second panel was \u201cThe Effects of Urban Violence on <\/span>Public Schools<\/span> in Favelas.\u201d Coordinated by professor Let\u00edcia de Luna Freire, the panel featured four speakers: Edson<\/span> Diniz<\/span> of <\/span>PUC-Rio and the<\/span> Mar\u00e9 Development Networks<\/a> NGO,<\/span> <\/span>Marcos Ver\u00edssimo of the Fluminense Federal University (<\/span>UFF<\/span><\/a>), Rosana Muniz (a Rio city public school teacher)<\/span>, and Eduardo Ribero (<\/span>UERJ<\/span>)<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

On the panel, Edson Diniz, Director of Mar\u00e9 Development Networks, began his presentation with an affirmation of the importance of the day’s actions in the current political moment of attacks on universities<\/a>. For Diniz,<\/span> the topic of teacher training is rarely debated, even though professional teachers <\/span>are generally trained to work in a reality that does not exist.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Presenting an overview<\/span> <\/span>of the educational reality in the North Zone<\/a> favelas of<\/span> Complexo da Mar\u00e9<\/a>, which include 46 public schools, Diniz <\/span>explained<\/span> the paradoxical nature of the numbers: <\/span>while Mar\u00e9 contains the greatest number of schools for any grouping of favelas<\/span> in Brazil, <\/span>it<\/span> also had, in 2017 alone<\/a>, 84 instances of armed conflict, resulting in the loss of 35 school days for 16,000 students. <\/span>With<\/span> these data<\/span> in mind<\/span>, Diniz questioned how students and teachers could possibly be expected to <\/span>return to classes as normal <\/span>on the day after a police operation. <\/span><\/p>\n

Diniz spoke to the necessity <\/span>of schools <\/span>both <\/span>integrating themselv<\/span>es into communities and the <\/span>surrounding <\/span>territory<\/span> and beginning to <\/span>direct<\/span> and question public security <\/span>policy <\/span>in the favelas. \u201cMy dream is an intercultural school, where all students\u2019 cultural manifestations are respected,\u201d he <\/span>concluded<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Rounding out the panel was Rosana Muniz, <\/span>a teacher in the Rio de Janeiro municipal network, based in the Complexo do Chapad\u00e3o<\/a><\/span>, in the city\u2019s North Zone. She <\/span>noted <\/span>that, above all, debates should direct their focus to the<\/span> <\/span>territory<\/span>-school-family relationship. <\/span>Both in<\/span> her research study, \u201cNarratives of Violence in the D<\/span>aily Life of Schools of the Peripheries,<\/span>\u201d <\/span>and<\/span> in her daily <\/span>work<\/span> as a teacher, <\/span>Muniz<\/span> <\/span>monitors<\/span> children\u2019s domestic routines.<\/span> Worrisome, to her, is the way school is still strongly associated with \u201chomework.\u201d<\/span> \u201cYou have to do your <\/span>homework<\/span>! But in <\/span>what<\/span> <\/span>home<\/span>?\u201d she <\/span>asked<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The day’s participants also recommended the mini-documentary Morri na Mar\u00e9<\/em><\/a>\u00a0(I Died in Mar\u00e9), by Maria Naudascher and Patrick Vanier.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Th\u00e1bara Garcia is a resident of Mag\u00e9, a teacher, and a member of the\u00a0Roda de Mulheres da Baixada<\/a>\u00a0collective.<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas On September 3, the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) hosted the\u00a0\u201cEducation and Favelas\u201d seminar, organized by UERJ’s Education and City Research Nucleus (NUPEC), with support from the Metropolitan Ethnography […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":162,"featured_media":55645,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1328,1333,1282,336],"tags":[399,3010,280,397,2622,19,11,1197,689,2579,1187,37,1661,1189,1555,1019,12,156,453,1017,651,2323,259],"writer":[2968],"translator":[2900],"illustrator":[],"photographer":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-55644","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-by-community-contributors","8":"category-event-reports","9":"category-research-analysis","10":"category-violations","11":"tag-access-to-higher-education","12":"tag-child-and-adolescent-statute-eca","13":"tag-complexo-da-mare","14":"tag-education","15":"tag-event","16":"tag-favela-do-metro","17":"tag-forced-evictions","18":"tag-greater-rio","19":"tag-ippur","20":"tag-metropolis-observatory","21":"tag-morro-do-chapadao","22":"tag-north-zone","23":"tag-puc","24":"tag-racism","25":"tag-redes-de-desenvolvimento-da-mare","26":"tag-right-to-education","27":"tag-rocinha","28":"tag-south-zone","29":"tag-stigma","30":"tag-childrens-rights","31":"tag-uerj","32":"tag-ufrj","33":"tag-youth","34":"writer-thabara-garcia","35":"translator-dylan-blau-edelstein"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55644","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/162"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=55644"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55644\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/55645"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=55644"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=55644"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=55644"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fwriter&post=55644"},{"taxonomy":"translator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftranslator&post=55644"},{"taxonomy":"illustrator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fillustrator&post=55644"},{"taxonomy":"photographer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fphotographer&post=55644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}