{"id":76639,"date":"2023-11-09T14:55:19","date_gmt":"2023-11-09T17:55:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=76639"},"modified":"2023-11-09T14:56:03","modified_gmt":"2023-11-09T17:56:03","slug":"rip-subnormal-agglomerations-part-2-housing-rights-and-stigma-against-favelas-in-official-nomenclature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=76639","title":{"rendered":"RIP \u2018Subnormal Agglomerations,\u2019 Part 2: Housing Rights and Favela Stigma in the Official Nomenclature"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_76640\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76640\" style=\"width: 2560px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76640 size-full\" title=\"A panel during the seminar discusses representations, classifications, and narratives about favelas and urban communities and the role of IBGE. Photo: IBGE\" src=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"A panel during the seminar discusses representations, classifications, and narratives about favelas and urban communities and the role of IBGE. Photo: IBGE\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-620x413.jpg 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-943x629.jpg 943w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Conversations-during-the-seminar-discuss-representations-classifications-and-narratives-about-favelas-and-urban-communities-in-the-language-of-IBGE.Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76640\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">A panel during the seminar discusses representations, classifications, and narratives about favelas and urban communities and the role of IBGE. Photo: IBGE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/47dTKe7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"s1\"><i>Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas<\/i><\/span><span class=\"s2\"><i><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\"><em><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-23766\" src=\"https:\/\/www.rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/08\/PT-e1439583827971.png\" width=\"20\" height=\"20\" \/><\/em><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h4>This is the second article in a <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/RIPSubnormalAgglomerations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series of three<\/a> about how Brazil\u2019s census bureau, IBGE, held an unprecedented week-long workshop to debate how to change the term \u201csubnormal agglomeration\u201d used for decades to describe the nation&#8217;s informal settlements, from the perspective of favelas and working-class communities.<\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From September 25-28, 2023, leaders from favelas, urban communities, tidal lands, flood lands, mangroves, stilt communities, villages, valleys, hillsides, self-constructed settlements, working-class settlements, invasions, grottos, neighborhoods, occupations, hoods, glens, lowlands, Afro-Brazilian mocambos and ressacas, formal and informal subdivisions, and improvised villages (as they all self-identified), together with employees and researchers from the <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3sfwmy2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IBGE<\/a>)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, met online and in Bras\u00edlia for the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/4967xVO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">First National Meeting<\/a> for the Production, Analysis and Dissemination of Information about Favelas and Urban Communities in Brazil. With approximately 80 daily attendees, the event was also viewed online by hundreds of interested parties<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h3>The Right to Land and the City\u00a0 in Favelas and Brazilian Urban Communities<\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The central aim at the start of the second day was to encourage the construction of an alternative approach to the question of <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2Oggxkn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">land ownership<\/a>, one that builds off the condition of (in)security of tenure, and that recognizes the institution of tenure as necessary for guaranteeing the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/30HYtCJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">right to the city<\/a>. The discussion covered conceptual, methodological, and operational possibilities and challenges of guaranteeing the permanence of residents in their areas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ir1sBP8maIA?si=Y6yI6uhE20OX7I4q&amp;start=7285\" width=\"1030\" height=\"563\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bet\u00e2nia Alfonsin, from the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/479rSYT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rio Grande do Sul Superior School Foundation of the Public Ministry<\/a> and the Brazilian Institute of Urban Law <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3v7shdW\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IBDU<\/a>), argues that it is paramount to highlight the coloniality imbued in the term <em>subnormal agglomeration<\/em>. According to her, it is necessary to assure and recognize that tenure\u00a0be a legitimate method of accessing secure housing.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cBrazil has always had two forms of accessing land ownership since the colonial era: the regime of tenure, and the regime of property. In 1850, the Land Law determined who owns land in Brazil\u2026 Next to private property, we persist with a system of land access through tenure\u2026 This is how Brazilian law legitimized the hierarchy of the nation\u2019s space. Private property became associated with being legal, formal, regular, and normal. And tenure\u00a0was associated with being illegal, informal, irregular, subnormal\u2026 The coloniality of our legal gaze inferiorizes self-produced settlements, legitimizing racism and hatred for the poor, and limiting the exercise of citizenship for stigmatized residents\u2026 We need to value the access to land through tenure, a form of giving social function to land, and to value self-construction, self-management\u2026 the social construction of human habitat.\u201d \u2014 Bet\u00e2nia Alfonsin<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Carina Guedes, founder of <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3scrMAo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Architecture in the Periphery<\/a> and of the Advisory Institute for Women and Innovation (<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QyFc3l\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IAM\u00cd<\/a>), communicates the importance of valuing these spaces that are \u201cterritories of potency, that construct the city from an alternative point of view.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>There was consensus that the diversity of perspectives come from innumerable distinct types of habitation, and that such diversity must be reflected in the new nomenclature. In the words of Jos\u00e9 Fernando Nunes Debli, of the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3MjFpVn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pernambuco Public Defenders&#8217; Office<\/a> and of the National Council of Public Defenders (<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3FvNZMO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CONDEGE<\/a>): \u201clanguage has a very large impact on the application of the law\u2026 it is paramount to use a vocabulary that recognizes the legitimacy of tenure in the occupation of space.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves, professor at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2x5tYNO\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PUC-Rio<\/a>) and author of several books on favelas, provides a brief history on how approaches to define what constitutes a favela have changed over time.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIn the 1950s, the demographic census included the term &#8216;favela,&#8217; reinforcing that they are areas of irregular occupation on lands owned by others and emphasizing the legal dimension. In the 1980s, the census already included the term &#8216;urban agglomeration,&#8217; and then &#8216;subnormal agglomeration.&#8217; From the 1990s on, the ownership of land became a central question, and favelas became [defined as] spaces that did not have ownership titles\u2026 However, many favelas do have titles, and many spaces outside the favela do not have titles\u2026 The 2000 Census included other denominations such as &#8216;clandestine subdivisions,&#8217; bringing further complexities\u2026 In the 2010s, the census brought a temporal dimension&#8230; [adding to the definition of favelas] territories that had obtained ownership less than ten years prior.\u201d \u2014 Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In his presentation, he says it is evident to him that these legal perspectives were never able to adequately explain such urban phenomena in all their diversity. For this reason, more than conclusions, he offers points of reflection on the theme.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cIn speaking about favelas today, I want to bring forth the idea of &#8216;boundary spaces&#8217;&#8230; First, we need to reverse our gaze. We tend to say: the favela has been regularized, so it&#8217;s no longer a favela. But many favelas were created by the State and many are registered and regularized, although the dynamics of favelas continue to exist\u2026 When does the &#8216;favela&#8217; become &#8216;city&#8217;, and when does &#8216;city&#8217; become &#8216;favela&#8217;? Second, how do we handle the homogenization of these spaces? We can&#8217;t treat them all the same way.\u201d \u2014 Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_76641\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76641\" style=\"width: 2432px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76641 size-full\" title=\"From left to right: Jos\u00e9 Fernando Nunes Debli, from the Office of Public Defense of Pernambuco and of the National Council of Public Defenders (CONDEGE); Carina Guedes, founder of Architecture in the Periphery and of the Advisory Institute for Women and Innovation (IAM\u00cd); Bet\u00e2nia Alfonsin, of the College of Public Policy of Rio Grande do Sul and the Brazilian Institution of Urban Law (IBDU); Romay Garcia, counselor of IBAM, professor at the National College of Statistical Sciences (ENCE\/IBGE) and discussion mediator; and Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves, researcher and professor at PUC-Rio. Photo: IBGE\" src=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg.png\" alt=\"From left to right: Jos\u00e9 Fernando Nunes Debli, from the Office of Public Defense of Pernambuco and of the National Council of Public Defenders (CONDEGE); Carina Guedes, founder of Architecture in the Periphery and of the Advisory Institute for Women and Innovation (IAM\u00cd); Bet\u00e2nia Alfonsin, of the College of Public Policy of Rio Grande do Sul and the Brazilian Institution of Urban Law (IBDU); Romay Garcia, counselor of IBAM, professor at the National College of Statistical Sciences (ENCE\/IBGE) and discussion mediator; and Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves, researcher and professor at PUC-Rio. Photo: IBGE\" width=\"2432\" height=\"1121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg.png 2432w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg-620x286.png 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg-1365x629.png 1365w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jose-Fernando-Nunes-Debli-Carina-Guedes-Betania-Alfonsin-Romay-Garcia-e-Rafael-Soares-Goncalves-scaled.jpeg-768x354.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2432px) 100vw, 2432px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76641\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: Jos\u00e9 Fernando Nunes Debli, from the Pernambuco Public Defenders&#8217; Office and of the National Council of Public Defenders (CONDEGE); Carina Guedes, founder of Architecture in the Periphery and of the Advisory Institute for Women and Innovation (IAM\u00cd); Bet\u00e2nia Alfonsin, of the <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rio Grande do Sul Superior School Foundation of the Public Ministry<\/span> and the Brazilian Institution of Urban Law (IBDU); Romay Garcia, counselor of IBAM, professor at the National College of Statistical Sciences (ENCE\/IBGE) and discussion mediator; and Rafael Soares Gon\u00e7alves, researcher and professor at PUC-Rio. Photo: IBGE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Representations, Classifications, and Narratives about Favelas and Brazilian Urban Communities and IBGE&#8217;s Role<\/h3>\n<p>With the objective of debating what constitute stigmatizing narratives and where they originate, Let\u00edcia Giannella, researcher at IBGE, mediated a conversation regarding the causes and consequences of representations and classifications produced by the Institute. Furthermore, this discussion sought to determine the role of IBGE in overcoming these narratives while facing the challenge of portraying Brazilian reality, without conceiving of favela territories solely through what they lack.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThinking about the main objective of our event, to rethink the concept of <em>subnormal agglomeration<\/em> and overcome it, certain questions come to mind: where does the idea that these territories are defined by lack and absence come from? Where do the stigmas regarding the peoples and territories of the favela, understood as <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2j12aOS\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Other within the city<\/a>, come from?\u201d \u2014 Let\u00edcia Giannella<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Ir1sBP8maIA?si=koC3txzB8YMIeHY0&amp;start=853\" width=\"1030\" height=\"563\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><span data-mce-type=\"bookmark\" style=\"display: inline-block; width: 0px; overflow: hidden; line-height: 0;\" class=\"mce_SELRES_start\">\ufeff<\/span><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>S\u00f4nia Fleury, coordinator of the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3iwFlWB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Marielle Franco Favelas Dictionary<\/a> and researcher at the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3MdWDDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Strategic Studies<\/a> at <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2WRi6JK\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fiocruz<\/a>, began by noting that the plural &#8216;favelas&#8217; in the dictionary&#8217;s name is not by chance. It is precisely due to their inherent diversity that there is no precise definition of &#8216;favelas&#8217; in the Marielle Franco Favelas Dictionary. However, S\u00f4nia makes an effort to outline general characteristics of favelas.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThe main characteristics [of the favelas] are that they are complex, multifaceted, and exist in a dynamic process, in continuous movement, both materially and symbolically\u2026 They verticalize themselves, at a material level, and resignify themselves, at a symbolic level\u2026 It is a mode of creation and expansion of the city according to the population&#8217;s own dynamics of self-organization, due to the absence of efficient public policy\u2026 Favelas are a form of resistance for the right to the city and cannot be understood as a counterpoint to the formal city\u2026 favelas are expansions of the city\u2026 There is a principle that permeates all favelas that I have seen: a powerful sense of belonging to the territory, manifested in specific cultures, languages, and local dynamics\u2026 They are a form of fragmented and hierarchized integration, where the population is placed in a clientelistic position with public authorities.\u201d \u2014 S\u00f4nia Fleury<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>According to Fleury, \u201cthis is a historic moment in the conceptual dispute over what it means to be a favela resident.\u201d For the researcher, there is a need for a movement that reconstructs the image of the favela, and what it means to be a favela resident based on these multiple principles.<\/p>\n<p>Next, La\u00eds Borges, researcher at the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45OnLQC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Favelas Museum<\/a>, in S\u00e3o Paulo, returned to the idea that the concept of social cleansing permeates all social categorization in Brazil, particularly regarding predominantly Black areas.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cClassification, representation, and narrative equal power. This toolkit shapes imaginaries, which in turn lead to practical actions. Who created the term \u2018subnormal agglomeration\u2019? Were they Black? Were they people from favelas? What is the relationship between the State and the favela throughout Brazilian history?&#8230; It is a term that exemplifies and reproduces the coloniality of knowledge itself, the perpetuation of colonial domination in political and cultural form. It is the logic of \u2018the civilized versus the savage,\u2019 \u2018the city versus the favela.\u2019\u201d \u2014 La\u00eds Borges<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_76644\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76644\" style=\"width: 1213px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76644 size-full\" title=\"The cartoon \u201cAn Essential Cleansing\u201d shows Oswaldo Cruz cleaning the Morro da Favela, today known as Provid\u00eancia, the community that coined the term \u201cfavela\u201d and reflects the country\u2019s urban self-produced settlements. Using the comb of the \u201cHygiene Police,\u201d the painting represents how social sanitation and hygiene were ideologies that inspired the work of doctors, politicians, and urbanists throughout the 20th century. Photo: Author Unknown\/O Malho, n\u00b0 247, 08\/06\/1907. Available at: Wikimedia Commons\" src=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb.jpg\" alt=\"The cartoon \u201cAn Essential Cleansing\u201d shows Oswaldo Cruz cleaning the Morro da Favela, today known as Provid\u00eancia, the community that coined the term \u201cfavela\u201d and reflects the country\u2019s urban self-produced settlements. Using the comb of the \u201cHygiene Police,\u201d the painting represents how social sanitation and hygiene were ideologies that inspired the work of doctors, politicians, and urbanists throughout the 20th century. Photo: Author Unknown\/O Malho, n\u00b0 247, 08\/06\/1907. Available at: Wikimedia Commons\" width=\"1213\" height=\"894\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb.jpg 1213w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb-620x457.jpg 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb-853x629.jpg 853w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb-768x566.jpg 768w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Oswaldo_Cruz_looks-the-Morro-da-Favella-over-with-a-finetoothcomb-80x60.jpg 80w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1213px) 100vw, 1213px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76644\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The cartoon \u201cAn Essential Cleansing\u201d shows Oswaldo Cruz cleaning then Morro da Favela, today known as Provid\u00eancia Hill, the community that coined the term \u201cfavela\u201d and represents the country\u2019s urban self-produced settlements. Using the comb of the \u201cHygiene Police,\u201d the painting represents how social cleansing and hygiene were ideologies that inspired the work of doctors, politicians, and urbanists throughout the 20th century. Photo: Author Unknown\/<em>O Malho<\/em>, n\u00b0 247, 08\/06\/1907. Available at: Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_76661\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76661\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76661\" title=\"Ju do Coroadinho, director of the PerifaConnection network. Photo: IBGE\" src=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ju do Coroadinho, director of the PerifaConnection network. Photo: IBGE\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-620x413.jpg 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-943x629.jpg 943w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Ju-do-Coroadinho-director-of-PerifaConnection-Photo-IBGE-scaled-1-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76661\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ju do Coroadinho, director of the PerifaConnection network. Photo: IBGE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3FA3Yti\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ju do Coroadinho<\/a>, director of the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/46JOqix\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PerifaConnection<\/a> network and resident of Coroadinho, the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QvTm58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fourth largest favela in Brazil<\/a>, in <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/473gTA1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">S\u00e3o Lu\u00eds do Maranh\u00e3o<\/a>, begins by saluting the only four Black people in the audience during the discussion. She expresses her discomfort with the fact that, even in a space like this seminar, the majority still consists of white individuals from Brazil&#8217;s southeast.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cHonestly, I feel very uncomfortable with the number of white people talking about favelas, talking about us. They have never lived there, they haven&#8217;t lived our experiences\u2026 It also makes me very uncomfortable that in discussions about favelas, we almost always only speak about Rio and S\u00e3o Paulo.\u201d \u2014 Ju do Coroadinho<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She also challenges the common sentiment that favelas are illegal and that their residents are invaders. \u201c\u2018Irregular occupation\u2019 makes me uncomfortable as well, as I am the fifth generation living in <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QwT0Lr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Coroadinho<\/a>. How am I irregular if my great-great-grandmother, who I never even met, already lived here?\u201d To her, these discussions have taken this long to happen because favela residents have not yet been humanized. There is a need for accessible research, carried out by Black people, from the favelas and peripheries if we want \u201cto understand the favela beyond the white and southeastern view.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3QxhxQF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jailson de Souza e Silva<\/a>, cofounder of CEASM and of the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3iIKLsg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Favelas Observatory<\/a>, in <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2IgZ9Y4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Complexo da Mar\u00e9<\/a>, retired Fluminense Federal University (<a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2J7BN7l\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UFF<\/a>) professor and current Brazilian National Development Bank (BNDES) employee, began by affirming his own status as a native of the Mangueirinha Favela in <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/38sVFOH\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Br\u00e1s de Pina<\/a>, in Rio de Janeiro\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/2IgR5qe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">North Zone<\/a>. According to him, two essential concepts in transforming our idea of <em>subnormal agglomerations<\/em> are the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/45REJNQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paradigm of Absence<\/a> and the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/463d5xL\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paradigm of Potency<\/a>. To him, the features most characteristic of favelas are collectivity and potency.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Collective coexistence in the favelas is an element as important as material issues\u2026 that is why the favela reinvents the city, as it elevates the concept of the <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3Mjr2Ax\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u2018<em>polis<\/em>\u2019 over that of the \u2018<em>urbes<\/em><\/a>.\u2019 It brings self-care, self-organization, and collective coexistence into public space.\u201d \u2014 Jailson de Souza e Silva<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Closing the conversation, Jailson reiterates Ju do Coroadinho\u2019s key point: that representation is necessary in order to decolonize research.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cFor this job, our point of departure has to be <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2x3tx2C\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">peripheral epistemology<\/a>, with peripheral actors, both locally and globally\u2026 We need to recognize non-white ancestral knowledge in Brazilian education and in the pursuit of future paths\u2026 IBGE has to understand this and truly hire Black and peripheral employees, because this transformation will not take place in theory alone\u2026 It has to be in practice, inscribed on the body. We need Black and peripheral subjects and bodies occupying these spaces of research and building public policies.\u201d \u2014 Jailson de Souza e Silva<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_76657\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-76657\" style=\"width: 2361px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-76657 size-full\" title=\"From left to right: S\u00f4nia Fleury, from the Marielle Franco Favelas Dictionary and Fiocruz; La\u00eds Borges, of the Favela Museum; Ju do Coroadinho, director of PerifaConnection; Let\u00edcia Giannella, IBGE researcher and panel mediator; and, remotely, Jailson de Souza e Silva. Photo: IBGE\" src=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg.png\" alt=\"From left to right: S\u00f4nia Fleury, from the Marielle Franco Favelas Dictionary and Fiocruz; La\u00eds Borges, of the Favela Museum; Ju do Coroadinho, director of PerifaConnection; Let\u00edcia Giannella, IBGE researcher and panel mediator; and, remotely, Jailson de Souza e Silva. Photo: IBGE\" width=\"2361\" height=\"1035\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg.png 2361w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg-620x272.png 620w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg-1435x629.png 1435w, https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Sonia-Fleury-Lais-Borges-Ju-do-Coroadinho-and-mediator-Leticia-Giannella.-Photo-IBGE-scaled.jpg-768x337.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2361px) 100vw, 2361px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-76657\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: S\u00f4nia Fleury, from the Marielle Franco Favelas Dictionary and Fiocruz; La\u00eds Borges, of the Favela Museum; Ju do Coroadinho, director of PerifaConnection; Let\u00edcia Giannella, IBGE researcher and panel mediator; and, remotely, Jailson de Souza e Silva. Photo: IBGE<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>This is the second article in a <a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/RIPSubnormalAgglomerations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series of three<\/a> about how Brazil\u2019s census bureau, IBGE, held an unprecedented week-long workshop to debate how to change the term \u201csubnormal agglomeration\u201d used for decades to describe the nation&#8217;s informal settlements, from the perspective of favelas and working-class communities.<\/h4>\n<p><i data-stringify-type=\"italic\"><em>About the author: <a href=\"https:\/\/bit.ly\/3eI9jlv\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Julio Santos Filho<\/a>\u00a0<\/em>has a Bachelor\u2019s in International Relations\u00a0<em>(<a class=\"c-link\" tabindex=\"-1\" href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2J7BN7l\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/2J7BN7l\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\" data-remove-tab-index=\"true\">UFF<\/a>)<\/em>\u00a0and a Master\u2019s in Sociology\u00a0<em>(<a href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/191xwKJ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">IESP-UERJ<\/a>).\u00a0<\/em>A Black man from Ilha do Governador, he has worked as editor of RioOnWatch since 2020. In 2021, he edited the series \u201cRooting Anti-Racism in the Favelas\u201d, a silver medalist in The Anthem Awards.<br \/>\n<\/i><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h4><b data-stringify-type=\"bold\">Support\u00a0<\/b><b data-stringify-type=\"bold\"><i data-stringify-type=\"italic\">RioOnWatch<\/i><\/b><b data-stringify-type=\"bold\">\u2019s tireless, critical and cutting-edge hyperlocal journalism, online community organizing meetings, and direct support to favelas\u00a0<\/b><b data-stringify-type=\"bold\"><a class=\"c-link\" href=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/DonateToRioOnWatch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"http:\/\/bit.ly\/DonateToRioOnWatch\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">by clicking here.<\/a><\/b><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<div class=\"mh-excerpt\"><p>Clique aqui para Portugu\u00eas This is the second article in a series of three about how Brazil\u2019s census bureau, IBGE, held an unprecedented week-long workshop to debate how to change the term \u201csubnormal agglomeration\u201d used <a class=\"mh-excerpt-more\" href=\"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/?p=76639\" title=\"RIP \u2018Subnormal Agglomerations,\u2019 Part 2: Housing Rights and Favela Stigma in the Official Nomenclature\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":245,"featured_media":76640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"template-full.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1333,335,3527,1282,329],"tags":[1070,2062,1944,2108,880,280,3122,3113,2329,1375,26,2739,1033,434,37,523,2617,887,1661,1008,406,3649,2463,453,3435],"writer":[3171],"translator":[3629],"illustrator":[],"photographer":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-76639","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-event-reports","8":"category-policies","9":"category-representation","10":"category-research-analysis","11":"category-solutions","12":"tag-bndes","13":"tag-bras-de-pina","14":"tag-brasilia","15":"tag-ceasm","16":"tag-census","17":"tag-complexo-da-mare","18":"tag-data","19":"tag-domestic-comparison","20":"tag-fiocruz","21":"tag-housing-deficit","22":"tag-housing-rights","23":"tag-ibge","24":"tag-land-rights","25":"tag-land-tenure","26":"tag-north-zone","27":"tag-observatorio-de-favelas","28":"tag-othering","29":"tag-precarious-housing","30":"tag-puc","31":"tag-right-to-the-city","32":"tag-sao-paulo","33":"tag-series-rip-subnormal-agglomerations","34":"tag-social-museology","35":"tag-stigma","36":"tag-structural-racism","37":"writer-julio-santos-filho","38":"translator-nathan-bergrin"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/245"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=76639"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/76639\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/76640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=76639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=76639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=76639"},{"taxonomy":"writer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fwriter&post=76639"},{"taxonomy":"translator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftranslator&post=76639"},{"taxonomy":"illustrator","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fillustrator&post=76639"},{"taxonomy":"photographer","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rioonwatch.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fphotographer&post=76639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}